Discussion
Assertion: a clay layer makes a poor aquifer but a good confining bed. Reason: it has high porosity but very low permeability.
Answer: B
Correct answer: both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason explains the assertion
Both are true and the reason accounts for both halves of the assertion. High porosity means clay contains a great deal of water; very low permeability means it will not give it up, so it cannot serve as an aquifer - and the same low permeability is exactly what makes it an effective confining bed above one. One property, two consequences of opposite sign.
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