Discussion
Assertion (A): Earth rate apparent drift vanishes at the equator.
Reason (R): It is proportional to the sine of the latitude, which is zero there.
Select the correct answer from the options below.
Answer: B
Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both are true and the second is the reason. The drift is \( 15\sin\phi \), and \( \sin 0 = 0 \).
Physically, at the equator the local vertical is perpendicular to the earth's rotation axis, so rotating about that axis produces no apparent movement of the gyro's direction in azimuth. The apparent drift grows with latitude and reaches the full 15 degrees per hour at the poles, where the vertical and the earth's axis coincide.
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