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Match the following :

Reactivity of SubstanceExample
(a) Spontaneously and/or vigorously react with water(i) Dynamite
(b) Spontaneously and/or vigorously react with air(ii) Aluminium nitrate
(c) Generate toxic fumes(iii) Phosphorous pentaoxide
(d) Explosive substance(iv) Trimethyl aluminium

  • A.a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii
  • B.a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i
  • C.a-i, b-ii, c-iii, d-iv
  • D.a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i

Answer: D

The correct matching is a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i.

  • (a) Reacts vigorously with water: phosphorus pentoxide, which reacts violently and exothermically with water to give phosphoric acid; it is a powerful dehydrating agent.
  • (b) Reacts spontaneously with air: trimethylaluminium, which is pyrophoric and ignites on contact with air.
  • (c) Generates toxic fumes: aluminium nitrate, which gives off toxic nitrogen oxides when heated or in a fire.
  • (d) Explosive substance: dynamite.

Option B puts trimethylaluminium against water and phosphorus pentoxide against air; trimethylaluminium does react with water too, but its defining hazard is ignition in air, and phosphorus pentoxide is not air-reactive. Options A and C pair dynamite with air or water reactivity, which misplaces the one explosive.

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