Discussion
A : OECD attempts to study the economic importance of education.
R : Educational attainments have a significant effect on countries’ economic performance.
Answer: C
The official key gives (C), A is true but R is false. This is the one item here whose key could not be confirmed from a source.
A is true: the OECD studies education and its economic returns, for example in Education at a Glance and in its work on the economic and social outcomes of education.
The key treats R as false. One line of research supports that reading: Hanushek and Woessmann argue that what links education to growth is the cognitive skills pupils actually acquire, and note that expanding school attainment has not by itself guaranteed better economic conditions. On the other hand, OECD reports also associate higher attainment with higher earnings and growth, so a reader could call R true, and (A) or (B) would then follow. The examiner's own source could not be found.
The key is therefore followed, with the caution that R is contestable as worded: attainment is a quantity measure, and the cited research gives skills the main role.
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