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Efflorescence on a concrete surface is caused by

  • A.reinforcement corroding somewhere beneath the visible surface
  • B.soluble salts carried to the surface and left as water evaporates
  • C.the cement having failed entirely to hydrate anywhere in that area
  • D.excessive vibration applied during the compaction stage

Answer: B

Calcium hydroxide brought out by moving water reacts with carbon dioxide to leave a white deposit. It is usually a blemish rather than a structural problem, though it indicates that water has been moving through the concrete.

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