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Which equation expresses hydrostatic balance?

  • A.dp by dz equals minus rho g divided by the specific gas constant multiplied by the absolute temperature
  • B.dp by dz equals minus rho g
  • C.dp by dz equals rho g, with the pressure increasing upward as the weight of the air above is accumulated
  • D.dp by dz equals minus g divided by rho

Answer: B

The relation \( dp/dz = -\rho g \) states that the pressure decreases upward at a rate equal to the weight per unit volume of the air. The minus sign is essential and reflects the fact that pressure falls as one climbs. Substituting the gas law for density converts it into an equation that can be integrated to give the pressure profile. The shared properties explain why these belong to one family, and the differences explain why more than one exists.

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