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Which relation gives the thickness between two pressure surfaces?

  • A.The gas law
  • B.The thermal wind relation, which relates the vertical shear of the geostrophic wind to the temperature gradient
  • C.The hypsometric equation
  • D.The hydrostatic equation, which relates the vertical pressure gradient to the density of the air at that level

Answer: C

Integrating the hydrostatic equation with the gas law substituted gives the geopotential thickness as proportional to the mean virtual temperature of the layer times the logarithm of the pressure ratio. That is the hypsometric equation. The hydrostatic equation and the gas law are its ingredients, and the thermal wind relation is obtained by differentiating it horizontally. Working one numerical case through both cases side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.

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