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Which requirement must hold for pressure to serve as a vertical coordinate?

  • A.Pressure must decrease monotonically with height
  • B.The atmosphere must be isothermal so that the relationship between height and pressure is exponential
  • C.The flow must be geostrophic
  • D.The temperature must decrease with height throughout the whole depth of the layer being considered here

Answer: A

A quantity can replace height as a coordinate only if it varies monotonically along the vertical, and hydrostatic balance with positive density guarantees exactly that for pressure. Isothermality, geostrophy and a particular temperature gradient are all irrelevant to the requirement. The monotonic decrease is why hydrostatic balance is a prerequisite for the whole pressure coordinate framework. Working one numerical case through both cases side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.

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