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Which effect does cold air have on the height of a pressure surface?

  • A.The surface lies lower than in warm air
  • B.The surface lies higher because the cold air is denser and therefore pushes the pressure surface upward
  • C.The height is unchanged
  • D.The surface lies lower only if the cold air extends through the whole depth of the troposphere above it

Answer: A

Cold air has a smaller scale height, so the pressure falls more rapidly with height and a given pressure surface is reached at a lower altitude. This is why upper level troughs correspond to cold air and ridges to warm air. The relationship between the thermal and the height field is the whole content of the thickness concept. A limit that survives making every external component ideal is an intrinsic one, and worth knowing for that reason.

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