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The relation giving the thickness of a layer in terms of its mean virtual temperature is called the _____ equation.

  • A.barometric
  • B.thermal wind equation, which relates the vertical shear of the geostrophic wind to the horizontal gradient
  • C.hypsometric
  • D.hydrostatic equation, which instead relates the vertical pressure gradient to the density of the air present

Answer: C

The hypsometric equation is obtained by integrating the hydrostatic equation with the gas law substituted, and it underlies both thickness analysis and the derivation of heights from a sounding. The hydrostatic equation is its differential form, the barometric formula gives pressure against height, and the thermal wind is obtained by differentiating the hypsometric relation horizontally. Framing the question as which quantity the change acts upon makes the answer follow without calculation.

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