Discussion
Which term describes an atmosphere whose density decreases upward everywhere?
Answer: A
Density decreasing upward is necessary for the fluid not to overturn immediately, though it is not sufficient for stability in a compressible atmosphere, where the criterion involves potential temperature. A parcel displaced upward expands and cools, so the comparison must be made against the adiabatic profile rather than against constant density. This subtlety distinguishes atmospheric from oceanic stability arguments. Working one numerical case through both cases side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.
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