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Which speed would that acceleration produce over a five kilometre ascent?

  • A.About 100 metres per second
  • B.About 50 metres per second, which is the speed reached within the strongest supercell updraughts observed
  • C.About 18 metres per second
  • D.About 2 metres per second, which is comparable with the updraught within an ordinary fair weather cumulus

Answer: C

Taking the acceleration as constant and using the kinematic result gives a speed of about 18 metres per second after 5 kilometres, which is the parcel theory estimate. Observed updraughts are usually weaker because entrainment of drier environmental air and the weight of condensed water both reduce the buoyancy. The parcel theory value is therefore an upper bound rather than a prediction.

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