Discussion
Which one of the following immunoglobulins is known for its role in both allergy and asthma?
Answer: D
The immunoglobulin is IgE.
IgE binds through its Fc region to high-affinity FcεRI receptors on mast cells and basophils. When an allergen cross-links the bound IgE, these cells degranulate and release histamine, leukotrienes and other mediators. This is type I (immediate) hypersensitivity, the mechanism behind hay fever, allergic asthma and anaphylaxis.
IgA is the main antibody of mucosal secretions and breast milk. IgM is the first antibody made in a primary response and forms pentamers. IgD sits mainly on the surface of naive B cells as an antigen receptor. None of them drives allergy and asthma the way IgE does.
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