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Widely used molecular characterisation technique for identification of different strains of bacteria is :

  • A.Serological identification analysis
  • B.5S ribosomal RNA genes analysis
  • C.16S ribosomal RNA genes analysis
  • D.Total mRNA genes analysis

Answer: C

The widely used technique is 16S ribosomal RNA genes analysis.

The 16S rRNA gene, about 1,500 base pairs long, is present in all bacteria and combines highly conserved regions, where universal PCR primers bind, with nine variable regions whose sequences differ between taxa. Sequencing it identifies bacteria, including ones that cannot be cultured, and Carl Woese used it to define the three domains of life.

5S rRNA is only about 120 nucleotides long and holds too little information to separate strains reliably. Serological typing depends on antibodies and is not a molecular sequence method. 'Total mRNA genes analysis' is not an identification method; mRNA content varies with growth conditions.

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