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Which is the correct order of steps in classical airfoil analysis?

  • A.Model with a vortex sheet, apply the Kutta condition, integrate for lift
  • B.Integrate for lift, model with a vortex sheet, apply the Kutta condition
  • C.Apply the Kutta condition, integrate for lift, model with a vortex sheet
  • D.Integrate for lift, apply the Kutta condition, model with a vortex sheet

Answer: A

The section is first replaced by a distribution of vorticity, the Kutta condition then fixes the otherwise arbitrary strength, and only with the circulation known can the lift be obtained. Reversing any step leaves the problem undetermined.

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