Discussion
Which is the largest tribal community in India by population?
Answer: C
Correct answer: The Bhils
The Bhils are the most numerous Scheduled Tribe in India, spread across Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Maharashtra. The Gonds are the second largest, concentrated in Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana and Maharashtra, and the Santhals the third, in Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha and Bihar. Scheduled Tribes make up about 8.6 per cent of India’s population by the 2011 census. Madhya Pradesh has the largest tribal population in absolute numbers; Mizoram and Lakshadweep have the highest proportion, above 90 per cent. Their administration is provided for constitutionally. The Fifth Schedule governs scheduled areas in most states, giving the Governor special responsibility and requiring a Tribes Advisory Council; the Sixth Schedule creates autonomous district councils in Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram, with genuine legislative powers over land, forests and custom. The Forest Rights Act of 2006 recognises the rights of forest-dwelling communities to land they have long occupied.
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