Discussion
The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve was the first of its kind in India. In which year was it established?
Answer: D
Correct answer: 1986
The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve was established in 1986, the first in India, and covers parts of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka. It includes Bandipur, Nagarhole, Mudumalai and Wayanad, along with Silent Valley and Mukurthi National Parks. A biosphere reserve under the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Programme is zoned rather than uniformly protected: a strictly guarded core, a buffer permitting research and limited use, and a transition area where communities live and work. The design is intended to reconcile conservation with human use rather than exclude one for the other. The reserve holds the largest population of Asian elephants in India, along with tigers, gaur and the endemic Nilgiri tahr and lion-tailed macaque. India now has a substantial number of biosphere reserves, of which several are also recognised internationally by UNESCO. The distinction from a national park or wildlife sanctuary is that those are legal categories under Indian wildlife law, whereas a biosphere reserve is a management designation that may contain them.
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