Discussion
Which of these is the deepest and most important natural harbour on India’s east coast?
Answer: A
Correct answer: Visakhapatnam
Visakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh is the deepest natural harbour on the east coast and among the busiest ports in India. It handles iron ore, coal, petroleum and general cargo, and it is the headquarters of the Indian Navy’s Eastern Naval Command as well as the site of a major shipbuilding yard and a steel plant. Its depth matters because the east coast is generally shallow and straight, with few natural inlets - unlike the west coast, which is indented and offers Mumbai, Marmagao and Kochi. Chennai is one of the oldest ports in India but is an artificial harbour, built out into the sea because the coast offered no shelter. Paradip in Odisha is a deep-water port developed for iron ore and coal, and Tuticorin, now Thoothukudi, serves southern Tamil Nadu. India has thirteen major ports, roughly divided between the two coasts, and about 95 per cent of the country’s trade by volume moves through them.
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