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Which of the following is a chronologically correct list?

  • A.Order in which European Powers came to India: Portuguese, English, French, Dutch
  • B.Sufi Saints: Sheikh Nizamudin Aulyia, Sheikh Farid, Sheikh Muinudin Sijzi
  • C.Order of foundation of ancient universities of India: Nalanda, Vikramshila, Taxila, Odantapuri
  • D.Events of Indian history (16th Century onwards): Battle of Swally, Bibighar massacre, Operation Polo (Hyderabad)

Answer: D

The chronologically correct list is Battle of Swally, Bibighar massacre, Operation Polo.

The Battle of Swally, where the English defeated the Portuguese near Surat, was in 1612. The Bibighar massacre at Kanpur came during the revolt of 1857. Operation Polo, which integrated Hyderabad into India, was in September 1948.

The other lists are out of order. The Europeans arrived as Portuguese, Dutch, English, French. The Sufi saints lived in the order Muinuddin Chishti, Sheikh Farid, Nizamuddin Auliya. And Taxila is the oldest of the universities, older than Nalanda, with Vikramshila and Odantapuri later.

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