Discussion
The Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution on the recommendation of which committee?
Answer: B
Correct answer: The Swaran Singh Committee
The Fundamental Duties were inserted as Part IV-A, Article 51-A, by the 42nd Amendment in 1976, on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee, which the government had appointed the previous year. Ten duties were listed originally - among them abiding by the Constitution, cherishing the ideals of the freedom struggle, protecting the sovereignty and integrity of India, promoting harmony, protecting the environment, and developing a scientific temper. An eleventh, requiring a parent or guardian to provide education to a child between six and fourteen, was added by the 86th Amendment in 2002. They are borrowed in conception from the constitution of the former USSR and, unlike the Fundamental Rights, are not directly enforceable by the courts - though Parliament may legislate to give effect to them, and courts have used them in interpretation. The other bodies named dealt with centre–state relations, panchayati raj and education respectively.
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