Discussion
The Fundamental Duties are listed in which article of the Constitution?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Article 51-A
The Fundamental Duties are set out in Article 51-A, the sole article of Part IV-A, inserted by the 42nd Amendment in 1976 on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee. Ten duties were listed originally, and an eleventh - requiring a parent or guardian to provide educational opportunity to a child between six and fourteen - was added by the 86th Amendment in 2002. They include abiding by the Constitution and respecting the national flag and anthem, cherishing the ideals of the freedom struggle, upholding the sovereignty and integrity of India, promoting harmony, protecting the environment, developing a scientific temper, and safeguarding public property. They apply to citizens only, and unlike the Fundamental Rights they are not directly enforceable by any court - though Parliament may legislate to enforce them, and the courts have used them in interpreting statutes and rights. The other articles named are 32, the right to constitutional remedies; 44, the directive on a uniform civil code; and 21-A, the right to education.
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