Discussion
The National Commission for Scheduled Castes is a
Answer: B
Correct answer: Constitutional body under Article 338
The National Commission for Scheduled Castes is a constitutional body established under Article 338. Its counterpart for Scheduled Tribes is under Article 338-A, and the National Commission for Backward Classes under Article 338-B. It began as a Special Officer for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, provided for in the original Constitution and commonly called the Commissioner. The 65th Amendment of 1990 replaced that with a multi-member Commission for both groups, and the 89th Amendment of 2003 split it into two separate commissions. The 102nd Amendment of 2018 gave the backward classes commission constitutional status in the same way. The distinction the question tests is between constitutional bodies, created by the Constitution itself - the Election Commission, the CAG, the Finance Commission, the UPSC, the Attorney General - and statutory bodies created by ordinary legislation, such as the National Human Rights Commission and the National Commission for Women. A constitutional body can be altered only by amendment, which gives it far greater security.
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