Discussion
Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Lok Sabha is provided for by
Answer: B
Correct answer: Article 330
Article 330 reserves seats in the Lok Sabha for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, and Article 332 does the same for the state Legislative Assemblies. The number of reserved seats is in proportion to the population of those groups in the state, so representation matches share rather than exceeding it. There is no reservation in the Rajya Sabha or the Legislative Councils. A reserved seat is not a separate electorate. All voters in the constituency vote, and only the candidature is restricted - a deliberate rejection of the separate electorates that had been introduced under British rule, and the outcome of the Poona Pact of 1932 between Gandhi and Ambedkar. The reservation was originally to last ten years, and has been extended by amendment every decade since; the 104th Amendment of 2019 extended it to 2030 while discontinuing the nomination of Anglo-Indian members. Articles 15(4) and 16(4) permit reservation in education and public employment, and Article 46 is the directive to promote the educational and economic interests of the weaker sections.
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