Discussion
In fermentor, the top portion left without broth is called :
Answer: B
The top portion left without broth is the headspace.
A fermentor is not filled completely. Typically 20 to 25% of the vessel volume is left empty above the liquid. The headspace takes the foam that forms on aeration, lets gas separate from the broth before it leaves through the exhaust, and gives a margin for volume increase during the run.
The other three are parts inside the broth. The shaft carries the agitator, the impeller is the stirring blade mounted on it, and the sparger is the perforated pipe that bubbles air into the medium at the bottom.
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