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Discussion

Statements:

F < D xss=removed xss=removed> O > P = E

Conclusions:

(a) L > F (b) J > O

  • A.Only conclusion a follows
  • B.Only conclusion b follows
  • C.Either conclusions a or b follows
  • D.Neither conclusion a nor b follows
  • E.Both conclusions a and b follows 

Answer: A

Correct answer: Only conclusion a follows

What survives of the statements reads \( F < D \;?\; \ldots \;?\; O > P = E \), with two relations lost from the middle of the chain.

Conclusion (b) claims \( J > O \), and J appears nowhere in the surviving statements. Nothing in what remains connects it to O, which is consistent with the key treating (b) as not following.

Conclusion (a) claims \( L > F \), and L is likewise absent from the surviving text - so the lost relations must have carried it. The only way (a) can follow is if the missing text placed L at or above D, since \( F < D \) would then give \( L > F \) by the usual rule that a chain with one strict link is strict throughout.

A note on this item: its statements have been damaged in this record. A raw < in the stored HTML swallows everything up to the next >, and in a question written entirely out of < and > signs that removes whole relations. That is why the earlier version of this explanation was wrong to say neither conclusion follows: it was written from the damaged text alone, and contradicted the key. The item needs its original statements restored before it can be worked properly.

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