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What is backward chaining?

  • A.Working from a goal to the facts that would establish it
  • B.Working from the facts forward to every consequence they support
  • C.Reversing the order of the literals within each clause of the base
  • D.Undoing inferences that later turn out to have been unnecessary

Answer: A

Backward chaining takes the goal, finds rules whose conclusion matches it and makes their conditions into new subgoals, recursing until facts are reached. Prolog works this way. Forward chaining is the data driven direction, and the other options describe unrelated operations. Choosing the direction of inference according to whether goals or data are the scarce resource is a decision that changes the work done by orders of magnitude.

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