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How does symmetry breaking help a satisfiability solver?

  • A.It guarantees that the formula becomes satisfiable
  • B.It prevents equivalent assignments being explored repeatedly
  • C.It reduces the number of variables in the encoded problem
  • D.It converts the formula into a Horn clause set

Answer: B

Where permuting objects gives an equivalent assignment, the solver would otherwise explore every permutation, and an ordering constraint keeps only one representative. Pigeonhole formulas are the classic case. Variable counts rise slightly, the clause structure is unchanged, and satisfiability is preserved rather than created. Recognising that a search is repeating equivalent work, and forbidding the repetitions, is a saving available in every symmetric problem.

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