Discussion
Identify the modes of information generation :
(i) Observation
(ii) Data
(iii) Textbooks
(iv) Thought process
Answer: B
The University's key is (ii) and (iii) are correct: data and textbooks.
The question treats information generation as the ways information comes into being or is recorded, and the key counts data (raw facts from experiments, surveys and records) and textbooks (published records of established knowledge) as such modes. Options A, C and D each contain at most one of the two.
What could not be confirmed: no textbook or reference was found that lists exactly these four as modes of information generation. Observation and the thought process are the more natural ways information is generated, so this item rests on the examiner's own classification. The explanation follows the key and does not claim a source for it.
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