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What molecular change does an infrared photon cause?

  • A.A bond stretches or bends more vigorously
  • B.An electron moves to a higher orbital
  • C.The whole molecule rotates faster
  • D.A nuclear spin flips in a magnetic field

Answer: A

Infrared photons carry tenths of an electron volt, enough to raise a vibrational level but not to move an electron. Electronic transitions need ultraviolet or visible photons, pure rotation far less energy, and nuclear spin transitions a millionth as much. That the energy required orders the spectroscopies from X-ray down to radio is the idea that places each technique in the sequence. Reading the definition literally, rather than recalling a formula, is the reliable route through questions of this shape.

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