Discussion
Why is nitrogen gas transparent in the infrared?
Answer: B
A homonuclear diatomic has no dipole moment and stretching it changes nothing, so the single vibration is infrared inactive. The bond certainly vibrates, the mass is not the issue, and the frequency does fall within range. That the two principal atmospheric gases are both invisible in the infrared is what allows the technique to be used in open air at all, and it is also why carbon dioxide and water vapour dominate the atmospheric background. Most errors here come from carrying a result across from a neighbouring case where it does not hold.
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