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What two quantities set a bond's stretching frequency?

  • A.Bond order and electronegativity difference
  • B.Force constant and reduced mass
  • C.Bond length and molecular weight
  • D.Dipole moment and polarisability

Answer: B

The harmonic oscillator gives the frequency as the square root of the force constant divided by the reduced mass, so a stiff bond between light atoms vibrates fastest. Bond length, dipole moment and electronegativity influence the force constant indirectly rather than entering the expression. Two quantities, one measuring stiffness and one measuring inertia, account for the position of every band in the group frequency region. Most errors here come from carrying a result across from a neighbouring case where it does not hold.

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