Discussion
What happens to a hydroxyl band in a very dilute solution?
Answer: C
Dilution breaks up the hydrogen-bonded network, so free hydroxyl groups predominate and give a sharp band near 3600 rather than a broad one near 3300. Hydrogen bonding lengthens and weakens the bond, which is why the bonded band sits lower. Observing that change as concentration falls is the standard way to confirm that a broad band really is a hydroxyl and that hydrogen bonding is responsible. Naming the cost of a choice alongside its benefit is what turns a fact into a design decision.
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