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Which band distinguishes a primary amine from a secondary one?

  • A.A primary amine's band is broader than a secondary's
  • B.A secondary amine absorbs at a much lower wavenumber
  • C.A secondary amine shows no nitrogen-hydrogen band at all
  • D.A primary amine shows two nitrogen-hydrogen stretches

Answer: D

With two hydrogens on the nitrogen a primary amine has a symmetric and an asymmetric stretch and shows two bands near 3300 and 3400; a secondary amine has one hydrogen and shows one. Breadth and position differ far less than the count. Counting bands rather than reading their position is what settles this distinction, and it is a good example of the group frequency region answering a structural question directly. Reading the definition literally, rather than recalling a formula, is the reliable route through questions of this shape.

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