Discussion
Why does conjugation lower a carbonyl stretching frequency?
Answer: A
Sharing electron density with the adjacent pi system gives the carbon-oxygen bond some single bond character, lowering its force constant and hence its frequency by twenty or thirty reciprocal centimetres. Reduced mass is unchanged, polarity affects intensity, and no energy is absorbed elsewhere. That a shift of a few tens of wavenumbers reports on the electronic environment is what makes the carbonyl band so informative beyond merely announcing that a carbonyl is present.
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