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Why must the sample make good contact with the crystal?

  • A.Air gaps would scatter the beam out of the crystal
  • B.Poor contact changes the crystal's refractive index
  • C.The pressure is needed to hold the crystal in place
  • D.The evanescent wave reaches only a short distance

Answer: D

Because the wave decays within a micrometre or two, anything not touching the surface is simply not sampled and the spectrum is weak or absent. Scattering, refractive index and mechanical support are not the reason. A hard, irregular solid is the difficult case, which is why these accessories carry a pressure clamp - and why a poor spectrum from one is usually a contact problem rather than an instrument fault. The quantity that varies and the quantity that does not are worth naming before any substitution is attempted.

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