Discussion
Why does averaging several scans improve a spectrum?
Answer: B
Averaging n scans improves the signal-to-noise ratio by the square root of n, since the signal adds coherently and the random noise does not. Every scan covers the same range, the travel is fixed, and detector warming is not a mechanism. That four times as many scans buys only twice the improvement is the practical consequence, and it sets a limit on how much patience is worth spending. A single measurement chosen to respond to the one asymmetry beats several that respond to shared behaviour.
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