Discussion
Why are near infrared bands weaker than mid infrared ones?
Answer: C
Overtone and combination transitions are formally forbidden in a perfectly harmonic oscillator and gain intensity only through anharmonicity, so they are one or two orders of magnitude weaker than the fundamentals. Source and detector are actually better in the near infrared, and samples are thicker rather than thinner. A transition's intensity following from how far the real system departs from an idealised model is a pattern that recurs throughout spectroscopy.
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