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Why must a sample be ground finely for a mull or pellet?

  • A.Particles comparable with the wavelength scatter light
  • B.Coarse particles absorb more strongly than fine ones
  • C.Fine grinding improves contact with the salt plates
  • D.Coarse particles change the sample's crystal form

Answer: A

Scattering is worst when particle size is comparable with the wavelength, so grinding below a couple of micrometres suppresses it. Absorption per unit mass is unchanged by particle size, contact is not the mechanism, and excessive grinding can change a crystal form rather than coarse particles doing so. Reducing a particle far below the wavelength makes it optically invisible, which is the same principle behind index-matching in a mull.

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