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Why is infrared spectroscopy described as non-destructive?

  • A.The sample is unchanged and recoverable afterwards
  • B.The instrument uses no moving parts near the sample
  • C.The photons are too weak to be absorbed at all
  • D.The sample is diluted before the measurement

Answer: A

Vibrational excitation relaxes back to the ground state within picoseconds and leaves the molecule exactly as it was, so a mull or a pellet can be recovered and used again. Moving parts, absorption and dilution are not the point - the photons certainly are absorbed. That a technique returns the sample intact matters greatly when material is scarce or precious, which is why it is often run before anything destructive.

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