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Which of the following is/are part of an Instruction Set Architecture of a processor?

  • A.The size of the cache memory
  • B.The clock frequency of the processor
  • C.The number of cache memory levels
  • D.The total number of registers

Answer: D

Only the total number of registers is part of the Instruction Set Architecture.

The ISA is the interface between hardware and software: everything a machine-language programmer or compiler must know, such as the instructions, addressing modes, data types and the programmer-visible registers. Instructions name registers in their operand fields, so the number of registers is fixed by the ISA.

The size of the cache, the number of cache levels and the clock frequency are properties of a particular implementation (the microarchitecture). Two processors with the same ISA can differ in all three and still run the same programs unchanged, which is why none of them is part of the ISA.

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