Discussion
Consider the following processor design characteristics.
I. Register-to-register arithmetic operations only
II. Fixed-length instruction format
III. Hardwired control unit
Which of the characteristics above are used in the design of a RISC processor?
Answer: D
All three are RISC characteristics, so the answer is I, II and III.
A RISC processor is a load-store machine: arithmetic works only on registers, and memory is reached only by load and store instructions (I). Its instructions have a fixed length, usually one word, which makes fetching and decoding simple and pipelining easy (II). With a small set of simple instructions, the control unit can be hardwired rather than microprogrammed, which is faster (III).
Each two-item option leaves out one of these, so none of them is complete. Variable-length instructions, memory operands in arithmetic and microprogrammed control are the CISC features they contrast with.
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