Discussion
Sampling the same place with seismic waves arriving from different directions and producing the anomalies is the basic principle of :
Answer: B
The principle describes Seismic Tomography.
Tomography uses many seismic rays crossing the same region from different directions. Each ray's travel time is compared with that predicted by a reference model, and combining the anomalies along all the crossing paths locates where waves travel faster or slower, building a three-dimensional image of the interior, much as a medical CT scan does with X-rays.
Seismic inversion is the general mathematical step of deriving a model from data, not this crossing-ray method. Reflection and refraction surveys use waves returned from or bent along layer boundaries, usually from one shot direction at a time.
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