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Which formulation of artificial intelligence does most modern work adopt?

  • A.Building agents that act rationally
  • B.Building machines that think exactly as human beings think
  • C.Building programs that pass a conversational test with a human judge
  • D.Building systems that reproduce the structure of the human brain

Answer: A

The rational agent formulation asks that a system do the right thing given what it knows, which is measurable, general and does not require any theory of human cognition. Thinking humanly belongs to cognitive science, passing a conversational test is one particular and rather narrow criterion, and reproducing brain structure is a means some approaches adopt rather than a definition. Choosing a definition that can be evaluated is what allowed the field to make measurable progress.

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