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What does the Chinese room argument attempt to show?

  • A.That neural networks are superior to symbolic reasoning systems
  • B.That symbol manipulation alone does not constitute understanding
  • C.That a machine cannot manipulate symbols quickly enough to converse
  • D.That natural language processing is impossible in principle

Answer: B

Searle imagines a person following rules to produce Chinese responses without understanding Chinese, arguing that the system displays the behaviour without the semantics, so passing a behavioural test does not establish understanding. The systems reply and other responses contest it vigorously. It says nothing about speed, about the possibility of language processing or about the merits of neural approaches. A thought experiment attacking a criterion rather than a capability is best answered by examining what the criterion was for.

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