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What were expert systems?

  • A.Systems that learned their rules automatically from example data
  • B.General purpose reasoners applicable to any problem presented to them
  • C.Programs that simulated the neural structure of a human expert's brain
  • D.Rule based programs encoding a specialist's knowledge of a narrow domain

Answer: D

An expert system captured the if then rules of a human specialist in a narrow field such as medical diagnosis or mineral prospecting, together with an inference engine to apply them. Their commercial success in the nineteen eighties and their subsequent difficulties with maintenance and brittleness shaped the field's later direction. Automatic learning, generality and neural simulation describe other approaches. A technique that succeeds narrowly and fails to generalise is a recurring shape in this subject.

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