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Why is a physical robot a harder testbed than a simulated one?

  • A.Physical experiments cannot be repeated more than once
  • B.Simulated environments contain more states than physical ones
  • C.Sensors are noisy, actuators imprecise and the world unforgiving
  • D.Robots cannot be programmed in the same languages as simulations

Answer: C

Real sensors return noisy and incomplete data, actuators do not execute commands exactly, and mistakes have consequences that cannot be undone by resetting, so techniques that work in simulation frequently fail on hardware. The gap between the two is a recognised difficulty in its own right. Languages are the same, experiments can be repeated with care, and the physical world has more states rather than fewer. A testbed that punishes unrealistic assumptions is valuable precisely because it does so.

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