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How many types of superior subordinate relations are identified by Graicunas ?

  • A.2
  • B.3
  • C.4
  • D.5

Answer: B

Graicunas identified 3 types of superior-subordinate relationship.

In 'Relationship in Organization' (1933) V. A. Graicunas classified them as:

  1. direct single relationships, between the superior and each subordinate individually;
  2. direct group relationships, between the superior and each possible group of subordinates;
  3. cross relationships, among the subordinates themselves.

Adding the three gives his formula for the total number of relationships, \(n(2^{n-1} + n - 1)\) for \(n\) subordinates, which rises steeply and was used to argue for a narrow span of control. The other numbers do not correspond to his classification.

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