Discussion
Integral view of Public Administration does not include :
Answer: D
The integral view does not include mechanical activities.
The integral view of public administration holds that administration is the sum of all the activities carried out to achieve the purpose of an organisation: managerial, technical, clerical and manual work alike. Writers such as L. D. White took this view, as against the managerial view of Simon, Smithburg and Thompson, which limits administration to the managerial work of planning, organising, directing and controlling.
Managerial, technical and clerical activities are all named in the standard statement of the integral view, so they are included. The textbook list ends with manual activities; mechanical activities is not one of the categories it names, which is why the key marks it as the odd one out.
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