Discussion
The relationship in which a superior exercises direct supervision over a subordinate is :
Answer: B
Direct supervision of a subordinate by a superior is line authority.
Line authority runs down the chain of command: each superior has the right to give orders to, and is responsible for, the subordinates directly below. It is the relationship of command and control that connects the top of an organisation to its operating level, and it is the basis of the scalar principle.
Staff authority is advisory: staff units such as planning or research cells advise line officers but do not command them. Auxiliary (or housekeeping) agencies, such as personnel or purchase departments, provide common services to the line. Neither involves direct supervision of subordinates in the line of command, so the options built on staff or auxiliary authority are wrong.
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