Discussion
The main leadership approach that focuses on small group is :
Answer: C
The keyed answer is the contingency approach.
The contingency approach, associated with Fiedler's model, holds that the effectiveness of a leader depends on the fit between the leader's style and the situation in the group: leader-member relations, task structure and the leader's position power. Fiedler built and tested it on leaders and their working groups, which is why the key links it with small groups.
The trait approach (B) looks at the personal qualities of the leader, not at the group. The situational approach (A) is also tied to the circumstances of the task and followers, and the participative approach (D) is about sharing decisions, so the question separates them only by the keyed textbook reading. I could not confirm the source that calls contingency the approach focused on small groups.
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